Redox titrations are based on oxidation–reduction reactions in which electrons are transferred between the analyte and titrant. These titrations are widely used in pharmaceutical analysis.
Redox indicators show a color change due to oxidation or reduction. In some titrations, the titrant itself acts as a self-indicator (e.g., potassium permanganate).
Precipitation titrations are based on the formation of an insoluble precipitate during the reaction. They are mainly used for the determination of halide ions.
Redox and precipitation titrations are applied for assay of drugs, estimation of inorganic ions, and quality control of pharmaceutical substances.