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Pharmaceutical Analysis I

Unit III – Volumetric Analysis

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1. Volumetric Analysis

Volumetric analysis is a quantitative analytical technique in which the amount of a substance is determined by measuring the volume of a standard solution required to react completely with it.

2. Titration

Titration is the process of gradually adding a standard solution (titrant) to a solution of unknown concentration until the reaction reaches its end point.

3. Standard Solutions

Standard solutions are solutions of accurately known concentration. They are classified as primary standards and secondary standards.

4. Indicators

Indicators are substances that show a visible change at or near the equivalence point of a titration. They help in detecting the completion of a reaction.

5. Types of Volumetric Analysis