The nervous system is the master controlling and coordinating system of the human body. It is responsible for receiving stimuli, processing information, and generating appropriate responses.
The nervous system is divided into:
Neurons are the functional units of the nervous system, responsible for conduction of nerve impulses. Neuroglia are supporting cells that provide protection and nourishment to neurons.
Nerve impulse generation involves changes in membrane potential due to movement of ions across the neuronal membrane. Action potentials propagate along the nerve fiber to transmit signals.
Reflex action is an immediate, automatic response to a stimulus. It is mediated through a reflex arc involving sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons.